Watergate A Decade Of Corruption, Lies, And Shadiness

Olivia Sees Mrs. Shandera Mr. Hill English pd. 3 History pd. 9 10 February 2017 *Insert Title Here* The 1970 s: a decade of corruption, lies, and shadiness. It seemed impossible any good could come out of such a disaster. However, only one thing was certain: United States Government would never be the same. Republican President Richard Nixon ran for reelection in 1972, amidst the Vietnam War and a divided nation (History.com Staff). It was crucial that Nixon and his reelection team put forth an aggressive campaign (History.com Staff). The Watergate Scandal increased public distrust of United States Government, therefore creating new acts to disclose government information and closer scrutiny of government by the media. According†¦show more content†¦Archibald Cox was appointed special prosecutor for Watergate in May of 1973 (Feinstein 39). Nixon had previously taped White House conversations and had Cox fired when asked to turn in these tapes (Feinstein 39). Clearly, Nixon had something to hide. According to â€Å"Watergate,† from July 10 throug h July 12 of 1973, former Attorney General Mitchell testified in court. He confessed that he helped cover up the scandal to save Nixon s reelection. Mitchell also revealed the plumbers,† which were a secret White House group created to stop information leakage involving President Nixon (Watergate (1973)). The information that surfaced during the trial always led back to Nixon. The Supreme Court commanded Nixon to turn over the tapes in July of 1974 (Feinstein 39). It was proven on the tapes that Nixon lied about covering up Watergate, thus putting Nixon in the position for impeachment (Feinstein 39). According to Watergate Scandal, more information was unveiled as the trial went on, ironically followed by President Nixon’s resignation in August 1974. Gerald Ford was Nixon’s successor, and he pardoned Nixon for any accused crimes. However, many of Nixon’s aides were not pardoned. They were convicted and sent to federal prison, while Nixon faced no punishmen t. Although Nixon was never prosecuted, the Watergate scandal changed American politics forever, leading many Americans to question their leadership and think more critically about

Leadership Style For Direct Communication - 2497 Words

Answer 1 Leadership and leadership styles Although Porter is a leader, he does not seem to have the motivation to be a good leader. Leadership is about influencing people to achieve a goal. According to Northouse (2013), leadership â€Å"is a process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal† (p. 5). A leadership style is a behavioral pattern for tasks and relationships that can be classified into the categories of directing, coaching, supporting, and delegating. Northouse (2013) indicates â€Å"leadership consists of a behavior pattern of a person who attempts to influence others includes directive (task) and supportive (relationship) behaviors† (p. 101). A leadership style for direct communication is a phrase to do what I tell you to win the game. Changes from Laissez-faire to Transformational I will suggest that Porter change his attitude of an easygoing quiet man known for being passive to that of a transformational leader who directs tasks and motivate the team by providing the support that the team needs to win more games. According to Northouse (2013), transformation leadership â€Å"is a process that changes and transforms people† (p. 185). A transformational leader works to create a connection to raise the level of motivation by focusing on the communication that will have a direct impact on setting and achieving the goal. Porter needs to be supportive to make things happen for the team. According to Northouse, (2013), the supportiveShow MoreRelatedEssay on Women and Men in Leadership1424 Words   |  6 Pagesgenerations, and thinking styles. Many historical events have occurred that have cleared the way to analyze these differences of men and women in the workplace. 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Strong new programs also encourage if not promote further communication, and help build a supportive work environment that will foster a working network of colleagues. One last note as to artifacts; although founders, leaders, and company stories are valued artifacts, so are the people working here and now. CelebrateRead MoreLeadership Characteristics Of A Great Leader1064 Words   |  5 Pagesagain just as they do each election year. This directs attention towards leadership, and most Americans simply trust that these potential candidates display leadership characteristics. Unfortunately, politicians don’t always exemplify leadership, and many Americans experience poor leaders daily such as dreadful bosses. Because of these commonplace experiences, leadership may not appear as a direct character trait. Fortunately, I experience great leadership daily between two great leaders I follow, ChadRead MoreLeadership Styles And How They Influence Social Work1364 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership Styles and How They Influence Social Work Curtis E. Mitchell Colombia College Hums 345: Working with Communities Organizations Abstract Acquiring positions of authority comes with the added responsibility of making sure you are correctly and competently communicating the ideals set forth by your agency. Social workers and helpers who are in leadership positions have to understand the many facets involved in leading and guiding people. Leadership styles are often affected by culturalRead MoreDifference Between Leadership And Management965 Words   |  4 Pagesline supervisor to me. He inspired me to become a better leader and when he knew I reached another milestone he then promoted me to Assistant Manager. The difference between leadership and management is that a leader helps the people they lead to find the answer to problems together. Someone who is in a leadership position will go out in the field and find the answer with the rest of the employees. So he or she can better understand what they are trying to accomplish and how they can fulfill

5 Ps in Strategy and Planning Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the 5 Ps in Strategy and Planning. Answer: Introduction Strategy can be defined as an anticipated course of action to deal with any situation effectively. Strategy is used by different individuals in different ways. This paper will highlight the 5Ps of strategy discussed by Henry Mintberg. Moreover, examples will also be provided as to these 5Ps will help in the development of strategy. Strategy can also be referred to as a set of options which is necessary for a fixed plan. Each of the 5Ps is regarded as a different approach to strategy (Postma Zwart, 2015). 5 Ps in Strategy development Strategy as a Plan Strategy is a consciously and deliberately course of action. Some people apply these strategies in advance of the actions in which they apply. They also develop the strategies purposefully and consciously. It is important for all the leaders in an organization to follow a specific plan. It is regarded as an automatic approach which is adopted by all the leaders. In an organization and it involves definite planning as how to deliver them. For example, as I am the assistant manager of an organization, I need to handle a team of 50 members. To manage the members effectively, I need to make a certain plan and accordingly follow them. Strategy as a Pattern It is often seen that strategy emerges from the past behavior of an organization. It is a successful and consistent way of running the business rather than just being an intentional choice. For example, as I am the manager I need to take certain decisions which enhance a highly responsive customer support process. I also need to choose deliberately a process of strategic advantage. This will enhance the working capacity of the team and it will also help me to carry out my duties in a responsible manner (Jarzabkowski et al., 2016). Strategy about What There must be certain strategies for every work that is to be done. It is also important to follow the tactics which will help to achieve the strategies in a short span of time. Strategies vary because of individual differences. It is also regarded as the means of outsmarting the competition. For example, as I am the manager of the company, I will follow or adopt such a strategy which will benefit help the company for the development of its business. I will apply these strategies according to my own knowledge and capacity. There is another manager in the company who may not adopt my strategy and thus he/she might also not co-operate with my strategies (Buchko, 2015). Strategy as a Position Strategy helps to explore the organization and the environment and thus develop a competitive advantage. It is better to consider the organization in a greater perspective when thinking of any organization. For example, I need to check that the products of the company are distinctive and are provided at a low cost to the customers. Strategy as a Perspective Strategy is defined in terms of competitive personality and the culture which the company has adopted over time. The company is viewed in the eyes of themanagement as well as the employees according to this perspective. For example, I have adopted certain strategies which will benefit the employees in the long run and thus it will benefit the employees. I would like to describe myself as following the strategy for a particular pattern. It is useless to work if the strategy is followed without any plans and there is no definite goals which would be met if the strategy is followed (Yanney, 2014). Conclusion Thus, it can be said that the 5Ps as proposed by Mintzberg can be referred to as a plausible suggestion of strategy in different context. It is gaining competitive advantage over others and must be have a specific goal. It is therefore necessary to understand and use all the elements of 5Ps which will help in developing an achievable business strategy. References Buchko, A. A. (2015). Small Businesses as Captive Companies: Business Strategy and Firm Performance Among US Auto Suppliers.Journal of Small Business Strategy,3(1), 31-44. Jarzabkowski, P., Kaplan, S., Seidl, D., Whittington, R. (2016). On the risk of studying practices in isolation: Linking what, who, and how in strategy research.Strategic Organization,14(3), 248-259. Postma, T. J., Zwart, P. S. (2015). Strategic Research and Performance of SMEs'.Journal of small business strategy,12(2), 52-64. Yanney, J. P. (2014). Business Strategy and Leadership Style: Impact on Organizational Performance in the Manufacturing Sector in Ghana.management

The Jungle Analysis Essay Example For Students

The Jungle Analysis Essay The Jungle is written about a man, a woman, and family movin to Chicago from Lithuania, dicovering it is difficult to survive, let alone get a job. The first major theme of the jungle socialism as a remedy for the evils of capitalism. Every event is chosen to show the failures of capitalism. As members of jurgiss family dies. It demonstrates the effects of capitalism on the working class as a whole. The second major theme is the immigrant experience. This shThe Jungle is written about a man, a woman, and family movin to Chicago from Lithuania, dicovering it is difficult to survive, let alone get a job. We will write a custom essay on The Jungle Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The first major theme of the jungle socialism as a remedy for the evils of capitalism. Every event is chosen to show the failures of capitalism. As members of jurgiss family dies. It demonstrates the effects of capitalism on the working class as a whole. The second major theme is the immigrant experience. This shows that all immigrants coming to look for high wages, and happyiness for everyone is not the case. Not everyone gets jobs, especially Immigrants. The Author is trying to say that capitalism is inhuman, destructive, unjust, brutal, and violent.The jungle is a very intuitive show of how immigrants looking for golden streets and expensive mansions was destroyed by the effects of Capitalism.ows that all immigrants coming to look for high wages, and happyiness for everyone is not the case. Not everyone gets jobs, especially Immigrants. The Author is trying to say that capitalism is inhuman, destructive, unjust, brutal, and violent.The jungle is a very intuitive show of how immigrants looking for golden streets and expensive mansions was destroyed by the effects of Capitalism. The Jungle by Upton Sinclair

Objectification and Humanization Essays - Sexualization, Free Essays

Objectification and Humanization Essays - Sexualization, Free Essays Objectification and Humanization People in almost every developed country and culture on earth have attained unprecedented levels of personal freedom and equality to their fellow human beings. Of course, people did not suddenly start enjoying this relative freedom and equality at the turn of the 21st century. It took centuries of social movements, hundreds of poignant social thinkers, and a countless number of social activists to get from a social structure of nobility and peasants to the equal opportunity we enjoy now. The majority of soc ial problems that people have faced over the centuries, from slavery to gender and race inequality, have fallen under the overarching problem of objectification. Objectification itself is fairly simple concept, but the many problems that stem from objectif ication are what are so complex and problematic. Although objectification of people is primarily negative and harmful to society, people can have positive experiences with objectification. Finally, while the object ification of people is dwindling, there ar e still ways to diminish its presence in everyday life, especially with resocialization as Simone de Beauvoir recommends. Before any discussion of objectification can be conducted, it must be clearly defined. It is the treatment of a person as an object. For instance, before putting on a shirt, one doesn't politely ask the shirt if they can stick their arms into it. In fact, one doesn't even ask permission from a dog to pet it; they ask the owner. Why would the dog mind? It's just an animal after all. Howe ver, it is unacceptable to touch a stranger or even an acquaintance, forget pet them, before asking them. This is because of respect we have for someone's personhood. When we objectify someone, we strip them of their personhood. For instance, one doesn't a sk an apple or a prostitute about their opinions on local government policies, but this would be a casual conversation topic for conversation between two people. The apple is incapable of forming opinions, and a prostitute may as well not have opinions whi le he or she is on the job. Of course, objectification is not treating someone li ke they are actually a shirt or an apple. It is more like stripping an individual of their humanitytheir emotions, thoughts, feelings, and intellectin favor of focusing on a small aspect of them. This one aspect can vary quite a bit. In the case of the prostitute, their physical appearance and sexuality have been objectified. Those aspects are all that matter to their clients. In fact, service people of all types are objec tified, especially menial positions like a cashier. One could argue that it is, if fact, objectifying to just use a cashier as a means to buy goods. That may be true, but it is not where the negative consequences of objectification come from. Instead, cash iers are often seen and treated like vending machines. When a vending machine doesn't dispense the bag of chips that you paid for, it is acceptable to get frustrated with it, maybe shake it or kick it to try to make the bag of chips fall. Although it is no t necessarily acceptable, it is common that cashiers will get treated in similar ways. Cashiers can expect to be yelled at at some point over the course of their career if, for instance, the fries aren't coming out fast enough, or if they can't let a custo mer return shirts without a receipt, or if the food doesn't taste good enough, even though all of these things are outside of their control. This is because c ashiers have been objectified. To their customers, all they are is a face that says, "Hello, may I take you order?", "That will be $5.50," and then eventually gives them their food. It's easy for customers to forget that the cashier is more than a machine, so it's unfortunately quite easy for a customer to treat the cashier like machine. The main reper cussion of treating service people in this way is that it is very emotionally stressful for the worker. It is not uncommon for cashiers and other service people to spend their breaks crying in the back of the store because of how cruelly

Author Citation in Botany and Zoology (aka Species Citation)

Author Citation in Botany and Zoology (aka Species Citation) Author Citation in Botany and Zoology (aka Species Citation) Referencing is tricky at the best of times. But it can be especially confusing in subjects such as botany and zoology, where you may have to cite plant and animal species’ names. This is known as author citation, or sometimes â€Å"species citation,† and it works like this†¦ What Is Author Citation? Author citation is used when discussing the taxonomy of different plants and animals. So if you name a species in your writing, you may need to cite its scientific name (i.e. Latin name) and the person who named it. This ensures clarity when two species or subspecies have a similar name. However, the format to use will depend on whether you’re citing a plant or an animal. Author Citation in Botany The full rules for author citations in botany are set out in the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants. The basic format, however, includes the scientific name of the species and an abbreviated name of the person who named it. If a subspecies has a separate discoverer, moreover, the original discoverer should be identified in brackets. For example, we could cite bulb-bearing water hemlock as follows: Cicuta bulbifera (L.) Spreng. is known for its toxicity. Here, we have three distinct elements for the citation: The scientific name of the species (Cicuta bulbifera) The original discoverer (â€Å"L.,† which stands for â€Å"Linnaeus†) And the discoverer of the subspecies (â€Å"Spreng.†) The â€Å"Spreng.† here is short for â€Å"Kurt Polycarp Joachim Sprengel,† who named the subspecies. Many plants will simply require you to cite â€Å"L.,† but you can find abbreviations of other names via the International Plant Index. Author Citation in Zoology The full rules for citing animal species are contained in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. The basic citation format uses the scientific name of the species, the surname of its discoverer, and the year it was discovered. For instance: Few would describe Psychrolutes marcidus (McCulloch, 1926) as beautiful. I consider myself an exception. Here, we’ve cited the undeniably gorgeous blobfish using the following: Its scientific name (Psychrolutes marcidus) The surname of its discoverer (i.e., Allan Riverstone McCulloch) The year that the scientific name was first published This allows us to clarify the species in question and credit its discoverer. Youd look this annoyed if someone had caught you in a fishing net, too. Summary: Author Citation in Botany and Zoology Author citation allows scientists and taxonomists to cite the scientific names and discoverers of different plant and animal species. The exact rules depend on the subject area: In botany, cite the scientific name of the species and an abbreviated name of the person who named it (e.g., â€Å"Cicuta bulbifera (L.) Spreng.†). In zoology, cite the scientific name of the species, the surname of its discoverer, and the year it was discovered (e.g., â€Å"Psychrolutes marcidus, McCulloch, 1926†). And if you’d like help checking the references in your work, just let us know.

Communicating Total Rewards Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Communicating Total Rewards - Essay Example The desired information concerning total rewards, benefits and compensation to the prospective employees of One Click Marketing Company will be communicated by use of the internet, television sets, radios and newspapers will be employed in delivering the message to the desired audience (Kaplan 2007). For instance, television and Radio advertisements will be mostly aired before and after most preferred programs, by many viewers and listeners. Also, newspapers and magazines with wide coverage will be utilized in targeting and delivering the message to the desired audience. DeliverablesThe preferred form of deliverable selected for the project is total rewards statement. Total rewards statement was selected basing on the deliverables ability to capture the desired information being expected by prospective.   Total reward statement provides satisfaction to the prospective employees by recognizing their contribution towards the organization, through provision of equitable compensations as well as being recognized during organization’s decision making process.   Delivery of the information regarding total rewards to prospective employees will be carried out by the sales’ and marketing department, in conjunction with human resource department. The two departments will have to liaise with one another so as to deliver quality information regarding total rewards to prospective employees at the right time.The total rewards information about One click Marketing Company will be communicated to prospective employees.

Development and use of explosives over the past century Essay

Development and use of explosives over the past century - Essay Example The first record of the usage of it exists dates back to around early 1600s in China (Tanner, 2014). During this time, the black powder was usually used in Hungary for blasting purposes. Mostly the quarries used the black powder for mining purpose blasting. The next mention of the uses of black powder is found in the context of tin mine blasting in the countries such as England after which the black powder was adopted by the Switzerland for road construction (Kelly, 2004, pp.198). The first documented form of mention of the use of black powder was in the year 1605 when Guy Fawkes put barrels of explosives in the British Parliament to blow up the building and assassinate the then king of England, King James I. This incident was named the â€Å"Gunpowder Plot†. It was one of the earliest conspiracies to involve the use of explosives and the black powder. This conspiracy of assassinating the King was not successful as the person plotting it was apprehended beforehand and caught. Another mention of the black gunpowder is prominent in the history is during the year 1773 when the people who went on with the demolition gathered 150 pounds of black gunpowder to demolish the Holy Trinity Cathedral which was 700 years old and one of the most oldest church in Waterford, Ireland. Later a report was published in the then famous newspaper named The Irish Times that the entire church was reduced to rubble within minutes and this incident was accompanied with a deafen ing loud boom that shook the entire area. This incident is important in the history of explosives as it marks as the first successful attempt in which the explosives blew down an entire structure and caused mass collateral damage. America adopted the use of explosives for the demolition purposes almost as early as 1850s. It was during this time that San Francisco was torn by a continuous series of many great fires. The use of the explosives in this case was because the city council members wanted to

National Food Security Bill 2013 Essay Example for Free

National Food Security Bill 2013 Essay Only three percent of Indians pay income tax; our tax-GDP ratio is among the lowest in the world. This must change. Our elites must realise that India’s poverty has damaging consequences for them, and that they can help decrease it. The food security bill, with all its limitations, will hopefully contribute to generating such awareness, says Praful Bidwai. After vacillating for years over taking any pro-people measures, the United Progressive Alliance finally did something bold and worthy by having the National Food Security Bill passed in Parliament a promise made in the UPA’s â€Å"first 100 days† agenda after its return to power in 2009. The Bill won a resounding victory in the Lok Sabha, with a margin exceeding 100, because non-UPA parties including the Janata Dal-United, the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and even the Shiv Sena felt they had no choice but to support it. It sailed through the Rajya Sabha too. The stage was set by a rare, spirited speech by Congress president Sonia Gandhi, in which she described the legislation as India’s chance to ‘make history’ by abolishing hunger and malnutrition, and emphasised that India cannot afford not to have the law: â€Å"The question is not whether we can [raise the resources] or not. We have to do it.† The NFSB has invested meaning, public purpose and a degree of legitimacy into the UPA’s otherwise corruption-ridden, shoddy and often appalling performance in government under an increasingly right-leaning leadership. This at once put the Bharatiya Janata Party on the defensive. Its leaders were reduced to opposing a measure that represents genuine social progress, and making thoughtless statements about the Bill being about ‘vote security’, not food security. The BJP now has nothing to offer to the nation but obscurantist programmes like building a temple at Ayodhya, and parochial, and predatory pro-corporate agendas under Narendra Modi’s rabidly communal leadership. The Bill is open to the criticism that it doesn’t go far enough. Instead of universalising subsidised food provision, it confines it to two-thirds of the population, and truncates it further by limiting the food quota to five kilos of grain per capita per month instead of the 35 kg per family demanded by right-to-food campaigners. The per capita quota puts small households, such as those headed by widows and single women, at a disadvantage. A universalised Public Distribution System, covering the entire population, has been proved to be more effective and less prone to leakage than one targeted at ‘below-poverty-line’ groups in Kerala, Tamil Nadu and even poor, backward Chhattisgarh. The relatively well-off won’t stand in queues at ration shops; they select themselves out of a universal PDS. Besides, a large proportion even of those officially defined as poor don’t possess BPL ration cards. The ratio can be as high as 40 percent in some highly deprived states. The latest National Sample Survey reveals that 51 percent of rural people possessing less than one-hundredth of a hectare of land have no ration cards of any kind; less than 23 percent have BPL cards. The problem of identifying the poor remains unresolved. Nevertheless, the broader coverage proposed under the NFSB and the simple, attractive formula of rice at Rs 3 per kg, wheat at Rs 2, and coarse grains at Re 1 marks a definite improvement over the current situation. It creates a right or entitlement for the poor, which can go some way in reducing acute hunger. However, right-wing commentators, including neo-liberal economists, credit-rating agencies, multinational and Indian big business, and writers/anchors in the media, have vitriolically attacked the NFSB as an instance of reckless â€Å"populism†. Some claim it will do to little to relieve malnutrition among Indian children, almost one-half of whom suffer from it. Yet others contend that the poor don’t want or deserve subsidies; they aspire to work, earn more and eat better. And almost all of them say the NFSB will entail excessive wasteful expenditure of Rs 1.25 lakh crores. This will aggravate India’s growing fiscal crisis and further depress already faltering GDP growth, now down to four-five percent. Eventually, this will work against the poor. Besides, if investment and growth are to be revived, India can’t spend so much on food security.

Health Care and Insurance Coverage Essay -- system, insurance, coverage

Everyone knows that in order to be a functional human being, your health must be in order. Bacteria and diseases can be devious forces if someone's system is not equipped to fight them off. In order to prevent said things from attacking our immune systems, we go to the doctor for guidance in the areas of taking care of ourselves, but going to these doctors has a price. Most people living comfortably would tell you that their insurance covers ever bump and bruise that appears on them, but what about those who cannot afford health insurance? Luckily for them a document, The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, was signed into law by President Barack Obama so that they may have the same opportunities for coverage concerning their health. It is necessary for everyone to have health insurance to prevent the spreading of diseases, end the depletion of the population due to illness, and to keep the core of America's workforce healthy. There have been several epidemics and outbreaks in our nation and in other areas of this world due to weak immune systems and no form of preparation to counterattack bacteria cells entering the bloodstreams of the population. As time progressed and technology advanced, those in the medical field discovered ways to stop certain reactions before they happened or cure them once they have already began to damage an individual internally. But if there is a large sum of the population unable to afford the things necessary to receive the aid that will boost their health, then diseases will only continue to circulate and morph into even more dangerous compositions that will eventually overpower our medicines. And if we are unable to tame the new viruses, the human race may cease to exist. Hundreds of thou... ... â€Å"Non-Grandfathered† plans are required to change before December 15, 2013, to ensure no lapse in coverage because existing plans will terminate the end of this year. Basically, no one will be denied health services, benefits, or prescription drugs and monthly premiums will be calculated based on age, region, and use of tobacco products. It is in the best interest of the public to have health care afforded to all. I myself am preparing for a future in medicine and my main concern is to help all of those in need, not just a select few. Evidently there are many negative effects that come along with individuals not being covered health wise and it can eventually be a detriment to society if the problem is not fixed. With the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act that problem has a solution and can ultimately have a positive impact on many aspects of this country.

Change management Essay

Change management is an approach to transitioning individuals, teams, and organizations to a desired future state. In this assignment I will be covering Rollin and Christine Glaser’s (1992) five elements to improve team effectiveness, IT management competencies, reasons for mergers and acquisitions in reference to South African businesses and roles leaders should play during the change process. In the aim to provide one with a better understanding of and insight of change management. Question 1 Rollin and Christine Glaser (1992) the five elements that contribute to the level of a team’s effectiveness over time. These are: †¢ Team mission, planning and goal setting; †¢ Team roles; †¢ Team operating processes; †¢ Team interpersonal relationships; and †¢ Inter team relations. Team mission planning and goal setting The most effective teams have a strong sense of their purpose, organize their work around that purpose, and plan and set goals in line with that purpose. Teams and individuals within teams must have a clear understanding of their objectives. Clarity of objectives together with a common understanding and agreement of these objectives are fundamental. Locke and Latham have identified that the very act of goal setting was a prime motivator for a team; the more your team sets clear goals the more likely it is to succeed. When implementing clear goal setting in a team it will increase the effectiveness ratio. Clear goals are even more substantial when teams are involved in change, partially because unless they know where they are going  they are unlikely to get there, and partly because a strong sense of purpose can mitigate some of the more harmful effects of change. Team roles The team should comprehend their own and other team members roles, and how these link to achieving the team objective. This becomes even more important with teams based remotely and some that are part-time working. The best way for a team to achieve its goals is for the team to be structured logically around those goals. Individual team members need to have clear roles and accountabilities. They need to have a clear understanding not only of what their individual role is, but also what the roles and accountabilities of other team members are. Clear roles have two useful functions. It contributes to a clear sense of purpose and it provides a supportive framework for task accomplishment. Team operating processes A team needs to have certain enabling processes in place for people to carry out their work together. These processes can be seen as ground rules for a team to adhere to. Certain things need to be placed that will allow the task to be achieved in a way that is as efficient and as effective as possible. Processes deals with the issues and decisions and how the team will respond to them in an efficient and effective way without disrupting the work process within the team. During the change process when team change typically puts pressures and priorities it can isolate people away from the team, the team operating processes can act like a lubricant, enabling a smooth healthy team to continually function. Areas that a team need actively label by discussing and agreeing include: †¢ Frequency, timing and agenda of meetings; †¢ Problem-solving and decision-making methodologies; †¢ Ground rules; †¢ Procedures for dealing with conflict when it occurs; †¢ Reward mechanisms for individuals contributing to team goals; †¢ Type and style of review process. Team interpersonal relationships To encourage team members to communicate with one another, share information, communicate openly, respect differences, which will increase relationships and understandings within the team. This all helps to build trust and a better working atmosphere. To achieve clear understanding of goals and roles, the team needs to work together to agree and clarify them. Operating processes must also be discussed and agreed. To achieve this level of communication, the interpersonal relationships within the team need to be in a relatively healthy state. Allowing for open communication that is assertive and task focused, as well as creating opportunities for giving and receiving feedback aimed at creating development. High levels of trust within a team are the foundation for coping with conflict. Inter-team relations Regular communication flows between teams are essential as they help to keep up with changing situations and ensure the right thing is being delivered. Teams cannot work in isolation with expecting in achieving their organizational objectives. The nature of organizations today are complex, sophisticated and with increasing loose and permeable boundaries. Teams need to connect more. It is also because the environment is changing faster and is more complex, so keeping in touch with information outside of your own team is a basic survival strategy. Question 2 IT MANAGEMENT COMPETENCIES †¢ Business deployment: A systematical procedure of implementing an activity, processes, programs, or systems to all concerning areas of an organization to achieve a particular outcome. Communicate the value offered by emerging IT organisations. This needs to be coupled with the use of IT teams, with good knowledge of IT, to improve IT solutions. Examination of the potential business value of new, emerging IT Utilization of multidisciplinary teams throughout the organization Effective working relationships among line managers and IT staff Technology transfer, where appropriate, of successful IT applications Platforms and services Adequacy of IT-related knowledge of line managers throughout the organization Visualizing the value of IT investments throughout the organization Appropriateness of IT policies Appropriateness of IT sourcing decisions Effectiveness of IT measurement systems †¢ External networks: The network outside a team’s internal network environment which can’t be controlled by the team or the organization. These needs are to create close partnerships with external companies to create more organisational awareness. Existence of electronic links with the organization’s customers Existence of electronic links with the organization’s suppliers Collaborative alliances with external partners (vendors, systems integrators, Competitors) to develop IT-based products and processes. †¢ Line technology leadership: Line technology leadership is a process of social influence in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task within the IT management environment. It is having the ability in organizing a group of people to achieve a common goal. Users such as line managers and senior managers need to participate actively in leading IT  initiatives. Line managers’ ownership of IT projects within their domains of business responsibility Ability of employees throughout the organization to serve as Project Leaders. †¢ Process adaptiveness: The ability to change and adapt suitably and accordingly to suit the IT climate and are able to conform to the new conditions by means of modification. It is also about the companies track record in restructuring its processes, and the existence of an environment where employees can find and explore the functionality of IT systems. Ability of employees throughout the organization to learn about and subsequently explore the functionality of installed IT tools and Applications restructuring of business processes, where appropriate, throughout the organization Visualizing organizational activities throughout the organization. †¢ IT planning IT planning is the process of thinking about and organizing the activities required to achieve a desired goal within an information technology environment. It involves the creation and maintenance of a Strategic plan. The thought process is essential to the creation and refinement of an IT plan in relation to strategic planning, or integration of it with other plans. It combines with developments with the preparation of scenarios of how to react to them. Integration of business strategic planning and IT strategic planning Clarity of vision regarding how IT contributes to business value Effectiveness of IT planning throughout the organization Effectiveness of project management practices. †¢ IT infrastructure IT infrastructure is a combined set of hardware, software, networks, facilities, etc. In order to develop, test, deliver, monitor, control or support IT services. It controls the restructuring, design and architecture of data and networks etc. It is also about the appropriateness and flexibility of the underlying infrastructure which allows innovative IT practices to be emerged. restructuring of IT work processes, where appropriate Appropriateness of data architecture Appropriateness of network architecture Knowledge of and adequacy of the organization’s IT skill base Consistency of object (data, process, rules) definitions Effectiveness of software development practices. Question 3 Growth A lot of commercial mergers and acquisitions are about growing and expansion. Growth normally involves acquiring new customers. Merging or acquiring another company enables a faster way of growth, which detours around the unnecessary, long, tedious and uncertainty process of internally generated growth. It brings with it the risks and challenges of understanding the intended benefits of this activity. The appeal of immediate revenue growth must be weighed up against the negatives of asking management to run an even larger company. Massmart a South African firm has merged with American giants Wal-Mart in hopes to create more and new customers. It can also be about getting access to facilities, brands, trademarks, technology or even employees. This strategy was used to implement growth and expansion in this particular industry. Synergy It’s the cooperation of two or more organizations to produce a combined effect greater than when they were separate . If two organizations are  thought to have synergy, this indicates the potential ability of the two to be more successful when merged than they were apart. This usually translates into: Operating synergies are those synergies that allow firms to increase their operating income from existing assets ,increase growth or both. †¢ Growth in revenues through a newly created or strengthened product or service (hard to achieve) †¢ Cost reductions in core operating processes through economies of scale (easier to achieve) †¢ Financial synergies such as lowering the cost of capital (cost of borrowing, flotation costs) †¢ More competent, clearer governance (as in the merger of two hospitals). However, there may be other gains. Some acquisitions can be motivated by the belief that the acquiring company has better management skills, and can therefore man age the acquired company’s assets and employees more successfully in the long term and more profitably. Mergers and acquisitions can also be about strengthening quite specific areas, such as boosting research capability, or strengthening the distribution network. Diversification Diversification is about growing business outside the company’s traditional industry. This type of merger or acquisition was very popular during the third wave in the 1960s (see box). Although General Electric (GE) has flourished by following a strategy that embraced both diversification and divestiture, many companies following this course have been far less successful. Diversification may result from a company’s need to develop a portfolio through nervousness about the earning potential of its current markets, or through a desire to enter a more profitable line of business. The latter is a tough target, and economic theory suggests that a diversification strategy to gain entry into more profitable areas of business will not be successful in the long run (see Gaughan, 2002 for more explanation of this). A classic recent example of this going wrong is Marconi, which tried to diversify by buying US telecoms businesses. Unfortunately, this was just before the whole teleco ms market crashed, and Marconi suffered badly from this strategy. Integration to achieve economic gains or better services Another increasingly common motive for merger and acquisition activity is to achieve horizontal integration. A company may decide to merge with or acquire a competitor to gain market share and increase its marketing strength. Public sector organizations may merge purely to achieve cost savings (often a guiltily held motivation) or to enhance partnership working in the service of customers. Vertical integration is also an attraction. A company may decide to merge with or acquire a customer or a supplier to achieve at least one of the following: †¢ A dependable source of supply; †¢ The ability to demand specialized supply; †¢ Lower costs of supply; †¢ Improved competitive position. An example of this in South Africa is when Glaxo-Smith Kline (GSK) one of the largest pharmaceutical company worldwide decided to merge with Aspen Pharmaceuticals (Largest Pharmaceutical Company in South Africa) in order to get a better hold of its market position in Africa and by obtaining tenders and contracts by the government to supply local communities within South Africa generic medication and also anti-retrovirals. Defensive measures Some mergers are defensive and are a response to other mergers that threaten the commercial position of a company. Pressure to do a deal, any deal  There is often tremendous pressure on the CEO to reinvest cash and grow reported earnings (Selden and Colvin, 2003). He or she may be being advised to make the deal quickly before a competitor does, so much so that the CEO’s definition of success becomes completion of the deal rather than the longer-term programme of achieving intended benefits. This is dangerous because those merging or acquiring when in this frame of mind can easily overestimate potential revenue increases or costs savings. In short, they can get carried away. Feldmann and Spratt (1999) warn of the seductive nature of merger and acquisition activity. ‘Executives everywhere, but most particularly those in the world’s largest corporations and institutions, have a knack for falling prey to their own hype and promotion.  Implementation is simply a detail and shareholder value is just around the corner. This is quite simply delusional thinking.’ Question 4 There are various views about the role a leader should play in the change process †¢ The machine metaphor implies that the leader sits at the top of the organization, setting goals and driving them through to completion. †¢ The political system metaphor implies that the leader needs to become the figurehead of a powerful coalition which attracts followers by communicating a compelling and attractive vision, and through negotiation and bargaining. †¢ The organism metaphor says the leader’s primary role is that of coach, counsellor and consultant. †¢ The flux and transformation metaphor says the leader is a facilitator of emergent change. Different types of leaders have different types of role. Local line leaders These are the front-line managers who design the products and services and make the core processes work. Without the commitment of these people, no significant change will happen. These people are usually very focused on their own teams and customers. They rely on network leaders to link them with other parts of the organization, and on executive leaders to create the right infrastructure for good ideas to emerge and take root. Executive leaders These are management board members. Senge does not believe that all change starts here. Rather, he states that these leaders are responsible for three key things: designing the right innovation environment and the right infrastructure for assessment and reward, teaching and mentoring local line leaders, and serving as role models to demonstrate their commitment to values and purpose. Network leaders Senge makes the point that the really significant organizational challenges occur at the interfaces between project groups, functions and teams. Network leaders are people who work at these interfaces. They are guides, advisors, active helpers and accessors (helping groups of people to get resource from elsewhere), working in partnership with line leaders. They often have the insight to help local line leaders to move forward and make changes happen across the organization. The interconnections are hard to achieve in reality. We have observed the following obstacles to achieving smooth interconnection between the different roles: †¢ Executive leaders are busy, hard-to-get-hold-of people who can become quite disconnected from their local line leaders. †¢ Executive leaders and local line leaders rarely meet face to face and communicate by e-mail, if at all. †¢ Network leaders, such as internal consultants or process facilitators, are often diverted from their leadership roles by requests either to perform expert tasks or to implement HR-led initiatives. †¢ Network leaders may be busy and effective, but are usually undervalued as leaders of change. They often have to battle to get recognized as important players in the organization. Senge’s model recognizes the need for all three types of leader, and the need for connectivity between different parts of the organization if change is desired. Conclusion: It’s more appropriate in anticipating objections than to spend your time putting out fires,(prevention is better than cure) and understanding how to overcome resistance to change is a essential part of any change management plan. Expecting resistance to change and planning for it from the start of your change management course of action will allow you to effectively and effectively manage objections. Not dealing with change proactively is one of the larger downfalls. In the end all sources of resistance to change need to be acknowledged and employee’s emotions validated in order to move forward with the change. Index Page Glossary of terms Introduction Question 1- Rollin and Christine Glaser (1992) five elements to improve team effectiveness Question 2- Discussing five categories of IT management competences Question 3- Reasons for mergers and acquisitions in reference to South Africa Question 4- Roles leaders play in the change process Conclusion Bibliography and References Glossary of terms Restructuring: This type of corporate action is usually made when there are significant problems in a company, which are causing some form of financial harm and putting the overall business in jeopardy. The hope is that through restructuring, a company can eliminate financial harm and improve the business Acquisition: An act of purchase of one company by another. Merger: The combining of two or more companies, generally by offering the stockholders of one company securities in the acquiring company. Change: The act or instance of making or becoming different. Resistance: The refusal to accept or comply with something, the attempt to prevent something by action or argument. Cognitive: The mental process of knowing, including aspects such as awareness, perception, reasoning, and judgment. References and bibliographies Cameron ,E, Green ,M. â€Å"Making Sense of Change Management: A Complete Guide to the Models Tools and Techniques of Organizational Change†. Kogan Page Publishers, (2012) Kotter, J. (July 12, 2011). â€Å"Change Management vs. Change Leadership -What’s the Difference?† Filicetti, John (August 20, 2007). â€Å"Project Management Dictionary†. Conner, Daryl (August 15, 2012). â€Å"The Real Story of the Burning Platform†. Anderson, D. & Anderson, L.A. (2001). Beyond Change Management: Advanced Strategies for Today’s Transformational Leaders.

The Nephilim

The Nephilim David Wood 2/18/2013 Ever since I was a young boy mythology and the supernatural have always been very fascinating to me. I always loved hearing stories about ancient heroes and the tremendous deeds they performed with great might and strength. As I grew older I obviously became aware that these stories were not actually true and were in fact just legends passed down throughout the years. However, I have always wondered how these stories came about and if their origins contained any truth to them.While reading through the book of Genesis I stumbled across something that I believe may be the answer to how these stories of powerful heroes and men of renown came about. While only briefly mentioned in Genesis chapter six, the Nephilim could be the source of how these amazing stories came about. These mysterious creatures that are only mentioned in the bible a handful of times have aroused much debate and grabbed the attention of Bible scholars and secular scholars alike. The se debates even go back into the New Testament times when people started asking the question of just how did these â€Å"Men of renown† and â€Å"Heroes of old† come to be?The words used to describe these creatures that roamed the Earth in ancient times described men that had tremendous strength and unusual power that the average man didn't. It is also stated that these offspring of the â€Å"Sons of God† and the â€Å"Daughters of men† committed evil deeds and led many people astray from the Lord and corrupted them. It is obvious that the stories of these men would get passed down generation after generation so it is easy to see how some of the myths we still know of today could have very well been influenced by the Nephilim.Now as the Nephilim became an increasingly debated topic during the fifth century AD the church had accepted the view that fallen angels had come down to the Earth and mated with human women for hundreds of years. However critics lik e Celsus and Julian the Apostate used this angel belief to attack the Christian faith and attempted to portray it as foolish to others. In response to this, the theory of the Sethite explanation came about as an attempt to disprove any belief about the mating between angels and humans. Important figures likeAugustine embraced this Sethite theory which allowed this view to progress into the Middle Ages and many still believe it to this day. The Sethite view claims that the angel interpretation is inaccurate, and instead that these angels were called watchers and were in charge of watching and reporting human activity and did not mate with them. This then raises the question of how these Nephilim came about without angels mating with women. To answer the question of who the Sons of God are we must look at how the serpent deceived Eve then Adam.After their sin God tells the serpent â€Å"I will put enmity between you and the woman, And between your seed and her Seed; He shall bruise y our head, And you shall bruise His heel. Genesis 3:15  (NKJV) This is God acknowledging that Satan had begun a war with Him and His people. He responded by stating that Lucifer would struggle until the end of time in order to contend with the truth which will be revealed through the seed of the Adam and Eve. As Abel was the firstborn this meant that he was the one to start this righteous line of men.After learning about this fate Satan began to plot on how to quickly to destroy the seed that God said would end up being his ultimate demise. He corrupted the mind of Abel's brother Cain and caused him to commit the first murder in history, seemingly disproving what God had said. However, God knew of Lucifer's evil plan and had a solution ready. After the death of Abel it is written that Adam knew his wife again, and she bore a son and named him Seth, â€Å"For God has appointed another seed for me instead of Abel, whom Cain killed†.Genesis 4:25 (NKJV) This seed of Seth can the n be traced through Biblical history starting with Seth to Noah, Abraham to David, and eventually to Jesus Christ. The truth was revealed in Christ so that the whole world can hear the good news of the Gospel. This whole story can then interpret the meaning of the sons of God as the children that came down from Seth who were carrying the seed of truth. So when the scripture proclaims that the sons of God saw that the daughters of men were fair, and took them for wives, it is implying that the holy bloodline was being perverted.By taking the daughters of men, they did not remain faithful to only mating with those who believed in God. It is by the miracle of God’s work the holy line was kept from dissipating while Satan worked relentlessly to destroy the seed. Since the offspring of Seth were kept alive, Christ fulfilled the promise of a Messiah that God said He would send unto all the world. When looking at the Nephilim with the Sethitic genetic line view, it is believed that they were the mixed blood lines of the two different genetic lines that came down from Adam and Eve through Cain and Seth.Many believe that this is possible since it is likely for mutations to occur when mating between closely related people happen. This view is taught in many churches to this day as many are uncomfortable with the thought of angels mating with humans and would rather have an alternative to believe in. However, even though this story might be easier to accept that does not always mean that it is right. Works Cited NIV Bible. London: Hodder ; Stoughton, 2000. Print.

Production and Operation in Manufacturing

Production and Operation in Manufacturing Free Online Research Papers Quality Customers that are businesses will define quality very clearly using specifications, standards, and other measures. This makes the point that quality can be defined and measured. Although few consumers could define quality if asked, all know it when they see it. This makes the critical point that quality is in the eye of the beholder. With the total quality approach, customers ultimately define quality. (Derek L. Waller. 2002) People deal with the issue of quality continually in their daily lives. We concern ourselves with quality when grocery shopping, eating in a restaurant, and making a major purchase such as an automobile, a television, or a personal computer. Perceived quality is a major factor by which people make distinctions in the marketplace. Whether we articulate them openly or keep them in the back of our minds, we all apply a number of criteria when making a purchase. The extent to which a purchase meets these criteria determines its quality in our eyes. One way to understand quality as a consumer-driven concept is to consider the example of eating at a restaurant. Most people apply such criteria as the following: ? Taste ? Response time ? Food preparation ? Service ? Environment ? Price ? Selection Personally the way driven me to choose the restaurant is the taste, other factors will be the environment, food preparation and service. Because we go to the restaurant for lunch or dinner, want to have a nice time and happy mood with it. I think taste is the most important factor, if the taste is wonderful customers will continue visit this restaurant even introduce their friends to come. Otherwise they will lose their customers. On the other hand, the environment, response time, food preparation, price and selection all are also very important for a restaurant. A good restaurant is good for everything, the food is fresh and won’t let customers wait so long for their food. And their staff service also very good, for example the customer don’t have enough drink in their cup then the staff will top up their cup. Another example is the customer order something not sell in this restaurant but the customer don’t know, the staff worker still go somewhere and b uy the thing order by the customer. Try their best to satisfy the customers demand then I can make sure the customer will visit the restaurant again, because customer happy with the restaurant, happy with the staff and happy with the service of this restaurant. Quality Management Quality management is a method for ensuring that all the activities necessary to design, develop and implement a product or service are effective and efficient with respect to the system and its performance. (www.wikipedia.com) Quality Standards The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) created the Quality Management System (QMS) standards in 1987. These were the ISO 9000: 1987 series of standards comprising ISO 9001: 1987, ISO 9002: 1987 and ISO 9003: 1987; which were applicable in different types of industries, based on the type of activity: designing, production or service delivery. The standards have been regularly reviewed every few years by the International Organization for Standardization. The version in 1994 and was called the ISO 9000: 1994 series; comprising of the ISO 9001: 1994, 9002: 1994 and 9003: 1994 versions. The last revision was in the year 2000 and the series was call ISO 9000: 2000 series. However the ISO 9002 and 9003 standards were integrated and one single certifiable standard was created under ISO 9001: 2000. Since December 2003, ISO 9002 and 9003 standards are not valid, and the organizations previously holding these standards need to do a transition from the old to the new sta ndards. The ISO 9004: 2000 document gives guidelines for performance improvement over and above the basic standard. The Quality Management System standards created by ISO are meant to certify the processes and the system of an organization and not the product or service itself. ISO 9000 standards do not certify the quality of the product or service. Recently the International Organization released a new standard, ISO 2000, meant for the food industry. This standard covers the values and principles of ISO 9000 and the HACCP standards. It gives one single integrated standard for the food industry and is expected to become more popular in the coming years in such industry. The most elaborated and accepted concept of quality management is the model of the EFQM Excellence Model. (www.wikipedia.com) Now I’m gonna introduce a Dumpling Restaurant called Ding Tai Feng, this company got their own restaurant and service. They produce the dumpling by them-self and provide service by them-self as well. No matter how good the Ding Tai Feng’s manager manage his restaurant, but they still got some problems can not avoid. Such problems from two ways: one way is manufacturing environment, other way is service environment. For this dumpling restaurant which name is Ding Tai Feng I’ll use the following five quality tools to describe the problems that Ding Tai Feng face. For Manufacturing Environment I’ll use: ? Pareto Chart ? Histogram ? Check Sheet For Service Environment I’ll use: ? Scatter Diagram ? Run Chart Pareto analysis A Pareto analysis, named after Vilfredo Pareto a 19th-century Italian economist, is a graphical representation showing the frequency of the causes of a problem. (Operations Management) people use pareto charts can help them to focus attention on those categories of variables that occur most frequently, and to weight the factors being considered to enable priorities for action on those items that most need attention. Manufacturing This is shown in Figure 1. Dumpling meat filling is the major problem, which may be directly related to customers. Reasons for People don’t like the dumpling Number of Customers Percentage % Meat Filling 57 51.82 Vegetable 22 20.00 Dough 18 16.36 Source 9 8.18 Soup 4 3.64 Total 110 Figure 1 From Figure 1 which quality tool named Pareto Chart we can see the Meat Filling is the biggest problem that people don’t like the dumpling from Ding Tai Feng which the percentage is 51.82. So Ding Tai Feng has to pay attention on this area and ask for the reason why the customers don’t like the meat filling and improve it. Otherwise this dumpling restaurant will shut down soon. From this chart we can see all the factors very clearly and easy to pay attention on the most important factors. Meat filling is the biggest problem, other factors are vegetable, dough, source and soup and the percentage for them are 20%, 16.36%, 8.18% and 3.64%. Histogram In statistics, a histogram is a graphical display of tabulated frequencies. A histogram is the graphical version of a table that shows what proportion of cases fall into each of several or many specified categories. The histogram differs from a bar chart in that it is the area of the bar that denotes the value, not the height, a crucial distinction when the categories are not uniform width. The categories are usually specified as non-overlapping intervals of some variable. The categories must be adjacent. (www.wikipedia.com) Understanding a few basic facts is fundamental to the use of statistical techniques for quality and process applications. All processes are subject to variability, or variation by histogram. There are many examples of this. But I want to use the graph about the Ding Tai Feng selling the dumpling in different weight range of meat filling. Under the Ding Tai Feng’s manager don’t know the market before so he tests the market start by 21~30g weight meat filling inside the dumping so they found they sold 10 dumplings per day. After the first step they continue test the market and each time add 10 more G than last test. Every time they add more meat filling inside of the dumpling and the dumpling they sold were more and more than last time. Till the weight of meat filling is 41~50g they sold 98 dumplings per day. On the other hand this is the best selling till now. After this range which is 41~50g the selling will be drawn. Then Ding Tai Feng’s manager will know the weight of meat filling around 41~50g was the best selling of dumplings. So they will consider this range of weight and produce the dumpling that can make the Max profit. From the graph Figure 2 we also can see very clearly when the range is 41~50 the podetium is the highest one. When this restaurant start test the market from the first day is the lowest just put 21~30 meat filling so the customers don’t like it then the selling number of the dumpling is less. The flatter and wider the frequency distribution curve, the greater the process variability. The taller and narrower the curve, the less the process variability. Even though the variability may change from process to process, it would be helpful to have a common means of measuring, discussing, or understanding variability. Fortunately Ding Tai Feng do. To express the process’s variability we need to know only two things, both of which can be derived from the process’s own distribution data: standard deviation and mean. Standard deviation is represented by the lowercase Greek letter sigma (?) and indicates a deviation from the average, or mean, value of the dumplings in the data set. The mean is represented by the Greek letter mu (?). In a normal histogram, ? is seen as a vertical line from the peak of the bell curve to the base, and it is the ling from which deviation is measured, minus to the left of ? and plus to the right. Standard deviation (?) is normally plotted at -2?,-1? (left of ?), and +1?, +2? to the right (refer to Figure 3). Because mean and standard deviation are always derived from data from the process in question, standard deviation has a constant meaning from process to process. Check Sheet The check sheet is a simple document that is used for collecting data in real-time and at the location where the data is generated. The document is typically a black form that is designed for the quick, easy, and efficient recording of the desired information, which can be either quantitative or qualitative. When the information is quantitative, the check sheet is sometimes called a tally sheet. A defining characteristic of a check sheet is that data is recorded by making marks on it. A typical check sheet is divided into regions, and marks made in different regions have different significance. Data is read by observing the location and number of marks on the sheet. (www.wikipedia.com) Figure 4 From figure 4 we can easy to see the problem of Ding Tai Feng got. Depend on the customer’s feedback about the dumpling from Monday to Sunday. Everyday got the same problem and same feedback but the times are different. Meat filling smelly, vegetable not fresh, dough too thick source too sweet and worm inside soup are the major problem feedback made by customers. We can see on Monday they got a lot of problem especially the meat filling smelly and dough too thick, maybe the stuff are lazy to work or something like that. But on Friday they got fewer problems, seem like near the weekend all people working very hard. Scatter Diagram The scatter diagram is used to determine the correlation between two characteristic. Suppose you have an idea that there is a relationship between dumpling sold and the percentage of delivery per day. Percentage of delivery per day on the y-axis and number of dumpling sold per day on the x-axis; percentage of delivery per day and number of dumpling sold per day are the two characteristics. Examination of the scatter diagram of Figure 5 shows that the aggregate of data points contains a slope up and to the right. This is correlation, and it supports the thesis that many people like to eat the Ding Tai Feng’s dumpling. But they all lazy to go out so would like use to use the phone call and order the dumpling which is delivery. But figure 5 is a collection of scatter diagrams illustrating strong positive collection. Figure 5 Run Chart A run chart is a graph that displays observed data in a time sequence. Often, the data displayed represent some aspect of the out put or performance of a manufacturing or other business process. (www.wikipedia.com) For example this run chart is talking about the quantity demand of dumpling from Monday to Sunday. Time is generally represented on the horizontal (x) axis and the property under observation on the vertical (y) axis. Often, some measure of central tendency of the data is indicated by a horizontal reference line. We can see very clearly from Monday to Thursday the curve is going up day by day. On the other hand is the quantity demand of dumpling is getting higher. Seem from Friday to Saturday the line is dropping down maybe the customers want to change the food to eat. After Saturday the curve going up again. We use run chart can help us easy to get information about the quantity demand of customers and the Ding Tai Feng’s manager can produce the dumpling to satisfy the customers. In conclusion I was done the five quality tools in Ding Tai Feng the manufacturing dumpling which are: Pareto Chart, Histogram and Check Sheet for manufacturing environment. Scatter Diagram and Run Chart for service environment. The company use these five quality tools can see the problems easier; can help them find the way to fix the problem faster. References: ? David L. Goetsch Stanley B. Davis. (2006). Quality Management, Upper Saddke River, New Jersey 07458. ? Derek L. Waller. (2002). Operations Management, Second Edition, USA: Thomson ? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_management ? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histogram ? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Check_sheet ? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run_chart Research Papers on Production and Operation in ManufacturingBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfThe Project Managment Office SystemMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalDefinition of Export QuotasNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceOpen Architechture a white paperAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)

How to Ask Questions in Spanish

How to Ask Questions in Spanish English and Spanish questions have two key characteristics in common: They often begin with a word to indicate that what follows is a question, and they usually use a word order that is different than that used in direct statements. But the first thing you may notice about written Spanish questions is a punctuation difference- they always begin with an inverted question mark ( ¿). With the exception of Galician, a minority language of Spain and Portugal, Spanish is unique in using that symbol. Using Interrogative Pronouns The question-indicating words, known as interrogatives, all have their equivalents in English: quà ©: whatpor quà ©: whycundo: whendà ³nde: wherecà ³mo: howcul: whichquià ©n: whocunto, cunta: how muchcuntos, cuntas: how many (Although the English equivalents are the most common ones used to translate these words, other translations are sometimes possible.) Several of these interrogatives can be preceded by prepositions: a quià ©n (to whom), de quià ©n (of whom), de dà ³nde (from where), de quà © (of what), etc. Note that all these words have accents; generally, when the same words are used in statements, they do not have accents. There is no difference in pronunciation. Word Order in Questions Generally, a verb follows the interrogative. Provided ones vocabulary is sufficient, most simple questions using interrogatives can readily be understood by English speakers:  ¿Quà © es eso? (What is that?) ¿Por quà © fue a la ciudad? (Why did he go to the city?) ¿Quà © es la capital del Perà º? (What is the capital of Peru?) ¿Dà ³nde est mi coche? (Where is my car?) ¿Cà ³mo est usted? (How are you?) ¿Cundo sale el tren? (When does the train leave?) ¿Cuntos segundos hay en una hora? (How many seconds are there in an hour?) When the verb needs a subject other than the interrogative, the subject  follows the verb:  ¿Por quà © fue à ©l a la ciudad? (Why did he go to the city?)  ¿Cuntos dà ³lares tiene el muchacho? (How many dollars does the boy have?) As in English, questions can be formed in Spanish without the interrogatives, although Spanish is more flexible in its word order. In Spanish, the general form is for the noun to follow the verb. The noun can either appear immediately after the verb or appear later in the sentence. In the following examples, either Spanish question is a grammatically valid way of expressing the English:  ¿Va Pedro al mercado?  ¿Va al mercado Pedro? (Is Pedro going to the market?) ¿Tiene que ir Roberto al banco?  ¿Tiene que ir al banco Roberto? (Does Roberto have to go to the bank?) ¿Sale Marà ­a maà ±ana?  ¿Sale maà ±ana Marà ­a? (Is Marà ­a leaving tomorrow?) As you can see, Spanish doesnt require auxiliary verbs the way that English does to form questions. The same verb forms as are used in questions are used in statements. Also, as in English, a statement can be made into a question simply by a change in intonation (the voice tone) or, in writing, by adding question marks, although it isnt particularly common. Él es doctor. (Hes a doctor.) ¿Ãƒâ€°l es doctor? (Hes a doctor?) Punctuating Questions Finally, note that when only part of a sentence is a question, in Spanish the question marks are placed around only the portion thats a question: Estoy feliz,  ¿y tà º? (Im happy, are you?)Si salgo,  ¿salen ellos tambià ©n? (If I leave, are they leaving too?)

Why object Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Why object - Essay Example the official purpose of the Census is to count everyone for the purpose of congressional representation.†1 Taxation only with representation is the basis of America’s break from England. The census is also good for tracing statistical data, which helps fight poverty, determines if enough food supplies are available for the current population, and helping people with trace their genealogy. These are some of the helpful uses for the census. The intentions of censuses are good, but censuses can also be deplorable. In America, the census does not just count people for representation; it gathers information on the race of the population. One author states â€Å"It is the United States, however, that has the longest continuous history of placing its entire population into mutually exclusive racial categories based on pseudo-scientific theories."2 Although segregation ended during the Civil Rights Movement, the American census has never caught up. One author even suggests the "Census established the official tradition of collecting racial data. The purpose was far from benign. It is no accident that this decade witnessed the most intense attempts to build a segregated racial order.†3 The categories of race used by the census are wrong. Other organizations could place people in races, but the American Census Bureau should only count people. The consequences of racial grouping can be deadly. Nazi Germany proved that. The Nazis conducted two censuses one in 1933, then one in 1939. Without these censuses, the Nazis would not have been to methodically roundup the Jews, leading to the death of six million.4 If Germany’s 1933 and 1939 censuses would have only counted people, not race, the Nazi’s would have had a harder time in identifying Jews. If used for statistical purposes, or for congressional representation, the census is good. The racial aspect of the census needs to be reconsidered. Like so many other governmental practices in America, the census

Operations Security and Production Controls Essay

Operations Security and Production Controls - Essay Example â€Å"OPSEC is generally regarded as not only a methodology, but also a mindset, and has its roots in the Vietnam Conflict.† (Operations Security, 2007). Operations security involves five processes which are as follows: Production control, as the name specifies, involves the control of production activity of an organization in accordance with the stated standards. Production control is exercised in an organization for proper scheduling of the product, to incur minimum possible expenditure and to check over production as well as under production. It also works for inter-linking the men, money, machine and materials through proper co-ordination techniques. â€Å"It refers only to the control or scheduling of production rather than the wider control of all business or enterprise resources.† (Production Control vs MRPII). The case can be better explained with the help of case study. The case deals with Reflex Mattresses, a company that produces mattresses, carpet and other textile items. The company, in the past, incurred heavy loss due to the leakage of information and ideas from the organization. The company decided to launch water bed for the first time in the market. This information was gathered by a major competitor, Good Night Beds, and they produced and launched water beds in the market. Thus, they grabbed the major chunk of the market share for the product. Reflex was able to launch the product only two months after that. The company had now proposed an action plan to launch a new variant of the product called Aqua bed. The product is proposed to be an aquarium embedded water bed. The analysis of the action plan is as follows. 1) Critical information identification: In the case, the core idea itself is critical information as this new idea can be easily copied by the competitors for their benefit. There are chances that the competitors may come up with the product before Reflex could. So

How to use organizational communication more effectively Annotated Bibliography

How to use organizational communication more effectively - Annotated Bibliography Example How to use organizational communication more effectively? The deference inherent in approaches can be perceived as in communication the art can be tapped to influence. It has the potential to bring change by driving perception required into organizational workers and be able to pull workforce in a given direction hence achieving efficiency through communication. Consistency in appeasing and the honoring recipient is the way forward because psychologically human beings yield to praise and acknowledgement than open rebuke. Within the aspect of communication are the varying means of communication, which are either nonverbal or verbal communication. It is in itself a variation. Non-verbal communication in a positive manner is the use of constriction, slouching, smiling, and patterns of the eye, which are in tandem with speeches conveyed verbally. There are theories dictating loss or competition expressing deference. It is a functional behavior. In addition to fighting for power, retaining status in a goal that most employees nowadays endeavor to achieve through deference in communication is frequently witnessed. The paper focuses organizational communication that revolves around decision-making. In addition, the art of communication decisions made largely affect how they are made and promoted in an organization. In a bid to improve efficiency in operation and to consolidate the workforce, the paper gives an insight into communication. The efficiency derived from it and much of it how they affected performance.

The Problems With The American Anti Intellectualism Movement Politics Essay

The Problems With The American Anti Intellectualism Movement Politics Essay The anti-intellectualism movement facing America today is a problem with far-reaching implications. There is currently a revival of this movement in American political life. Anti-intellectualism is defined as the opposition to or hostility towards intellectuals, or to an intellectual view or approach (Merriam Webster). The anti-intellectualism movement is characterized by the contempt for advanced education, the liberal arts, and science. Anti-intellectualism in the political sphere has founded itself on contempt for intellectuals, claiming that they are elites who are committed to ideological playfulness rather than practical application. However, it seems that toying with past and present ideas is necessary to engender the most effective political policies. Anti-intellectualism is a result of a failing education system, the integration of church into state, and the ease with which political pundits can drive the media. Currently, anti-intellectualism is spreading like a plague thro ugh the American political landscape. We as citizens can inoculate this disease through a complete overhaul of the US education system. An improvement to the educational system could occur with increased liberal arts integration into primary, secondary, and university education curriculums. In addition to the education system, the general American public needs to be edified about the basic American democratic tenant of separation of church and state. Furthermore, implementing more regulation on political pundits and demagogues in the media is necessary for the progression and success of politics in America. Anti-intellectualism seems to promote the attitude that knowledge which is not profitable has no value and is not worth learning knowledge for knowledges sake (DeFilippis, The Oklahoma Daily) is of little importance in anti-intellectualism. However, knowledge for knowledges sake (liberal arts education) could prove to be very beneficial in politics. Neither primary nor secondary schools consider the liberal arts a priority, and at the level of university education, students are expected to declare majors that funnel them into profitable jobs a very small percentage of university students are encouraged to engage in the liberal arts. Our current education system will eventually lead us to be alienated from one another because people will only be educated in their particular profession. Liberal arts education, because it educates the whole individual, gives citizens an understanding of why their particular profession contributes to the whole. Therefore, all people will be able to see why all jobs are important. Liberal arts education encourages knowledge of many subjects. It would seem that knowledge of many subjects would be most effective in impacting political ideas since politics incorporates so many facets of life. Liberal arts education infuses students with knowledge of the historical and philosophical underpinnings of the US. Having historical and philosophical knowledge of America is fundamental to making informed political choices that best reflect what was intended for this country- we would not want to collapse into what our founding fathers escaped from. Liberal arts education would create more informed and progressive voters and politicians because they would be acquainted with a broad scope of policies that have not worked in the past; this would allow us as an electorate body to spring into the future by creating new ideas and better political policies. Furthermore, people educated in the liberal arts who have developed ordered intellects seem n ecessary in politics since these people are more educated in a variety of issues that affect a variety of people. As a result, those educated in the liberal arts will have the ability to understand and undertake issues that apply to many persons (the entire American populous), and not just one group. Liberal arts education promotes the progression of the individual mind which in effect promotes the progression of the collective mind which then positively affects the electorate and the decisions they make in the face of new problems. Furthermore, with the emergence and further development of the globalized world, American citizens need to be educated on global issues now more than ever in order for America to be a respected nation and one that can pride itself on having substantial knowledge of nations we interact with the most. We are only a respected country insomuch as other countries respect us, but we are currently looked upon unfavorably in the world market. Americas main competitors and closest partners in the world are very committed to education with liberal arts based curriculums- if we expect to be a competitor in the world market, it would be in our best interest to implement a stronger liberal arts education system. Liberal arts education would give people the knowledge necessary to understand the foundation of America and our position as a nation relative to other countries. In addition, liberal arts education would give us a better understanding of the global political issues America faces because we would have knowledge of global problems and how these problems evolved. One of the main tenets the founding fathers implemented in America was the separation of church and state; the fact that religious values and principles are gaining importance in political rhetoric is inconsistent with this basic American democratic tenet. The anti-intellectualism movement caters to folksy type Americans who are generally committed to tradition and faith. This integration of religion into American politics is aided by the anti-rationalism component of anti-intellectualism which is characterized by relying on faith rather than rational ideas to formulate the best political infrastructure for society. This relegates us to the level of animals; our rational faculty is something that constitutes us as humans, so it seems odd that we would want to denounce such a faculty. America is a secular nation, and as a result, religion should not have a place in the political sphere nor in the realm of education. This anti-intellectualism movement favors faith; as a result, evoluti on theories are considered controversial, and creation theories find a place for themselves in the US education system. Schools are supplementing textbooks with creation theories as an alternative to evolution. This contradicts the basic tenet of the separation of church and state and the secularism of America. Creation theories should not have a place in our nations public schools, and implementing such values in education steers young minds away from the basic principles of America. In addition, the anti-intellectualism movement has managed to bring Barack Obamas religious affiliation to the forefront of our political discourse. This should be a non-issue- America is a secular nation and therefore, politicians religious affiliations should be of no consequence to our political forums. Liberal arts education would teach people about the basic tenets of America and it would reaffirm the history and philosophical reasons behind the separation of church and state and why it is so vita l to this country. As a result, commitments to faith would not enter the political realm because citizens would understand that they have no place in American politics. Lastly, there needs to be more regulation on political pundits and demagoguery in American politics. The ease with which political pundits can spew political rhetoric and gain a respectable following is an indication of the anti-intellectualism problem we are facing in America. Political pundits in mainstream media have no substantial ideas to propose- they are quick to complain about current presidents and politicians, yet they never really propose solutions; they merely champion principles. However, principles are not enough to carry a nation in the political arena- policies are necessary, and implementing policies requires intellectual people. In essence, politics are constituted by policies and policies are constituted by ideas; as a result, ideas are fundamental to politics. Ideas are things which we come to know through rational, intellectual thought- we have to toy with ideas from the past and ideas for the future in order to come up with creative, effective political policies . Having a broad scope of knowledge makes coming up with new, creative ideas easier. If people are educated in the liberal arts, they will have this broad scope of knowledge which will help them come up with new and improved political ideas. Anti-intellectualism seems to contradict what politics really are- one must engage in intellectual discourse in order to achieve effective political policies. The political pundits and politicians most involved in the anti-intellectualism movement often cite the founding fathers and the constitution in order to support their political rhetoric this has implicit contradictions. This is because America was founded by intellectuals- the leaders were the intellectuals (Hofstadter, 145). If the intention of the founding fathers at the inception of America was to place intellectuals at the helm, anti-intellectualism seems contrary to their intentions. Glenn Beck is a perfect example of a political pundit and a demagogue. He plays the side of the common people, yet he makes millions of dollars a year for his talk show- he is not a common person. The trend we are seeing in America is the attainment of good jobs via bachelors degrees and more recently the move towards advanced degrees for any hopes of advancement. Yet someone like Glenn Beck, who is not university educated, has a very powerful, high-paying job engaging in controversial political d iscourse citing religion and the founding fathers. People idolize Glenn Beck and obtain their political ideas from him, and while he is not university-educated and is making millions of dollars a year, those who champion him the most have to make it in this world via their merit. Furthermore, Glenn Beck is skewing what is fundamental to America- one of his hot topics, religion, is NOT fundamental to America- the separation of church and state is fundamental to America. The only thing we have as citizens to represent ourselves and our ideas is our vote; it should be the most informed, intellectual, reliable vote possible. It is critical that we feel confident in our own education and in our own intellectual capacities and not rely on someone else to tell us what is important. The demagoguery that people such as Glenn Beck participate in would be a non-issue if people were liberal arts educated. This is because the false fears that Glenn Beck incites in people would collapse if people had their own knowledge of current issues and the liberal arts backgrounds which would enable them to think for themselves. People fail to realize the absurdity behind his rhetoric because of their lack of education. Anti-intellectualism will eventually lead to the destruction of the American democratic state and the ideals to which democracy is committed. The anti-intellectualism movement needs to be destroyed, otherwise our weak political structure will continue to fail, and America will continue to endure the bad reputation it has gained in the world market. It is most likely no coincidence that the peak of the political anti-intellectualism movement is at a time in which we have an abundance of political policy crises. We will gain respect as a country and as a competitor in the world if we rid ourselves of this anti-intellectualism movement. Liberal arts education can cure our problem by giving citizens a broad scope of knowledge which would allow us to make informed and thoughtful political decisions rather than relying on the ill-advised rhetoric spouted by anti-intellectuals. Liberal arts education would also afford us the knowledge of what basic tenets shape the American political infras tructure.

Dark Images of Cyberpunk :: Literary Movement Technology Essays Papers

Dark Images of Cyberpunk Works Cited Missing With the publication of seminal works such as Mary Shelly's Frankenstein, science fiction has always contained an appeal to the underground culture. Her Gothic visions of human behavior became the inspiration for works such as Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451 and Isaac Asimov's I, Robot series. Though the beginning emphasized utopian societies, science fiction progressed to include a future quite different from the present. Visions of flying ships, lasers, and travels to far off space colonies inundated these works. However, one subset of authors, such as William Gibson, Bruce Sterling, and Lewis Shiner, molded an entirely different genre of science fiction, placing more emphasis on the darker future of life on Earth. This work, later labeled "cyberpunk," brought with it a very bleak view of future societies and culture. The features of their style of writing, which include the masculinization of women, the perversion of technology, the oppressive descriptions of settings and life, and the negative characterizations of people, defined the notion of cyberpunk. Women have a certain status in cyberpunk, one that is very contrary to the current sociological expectations of them. Women in these societies have had to adapt to the environmental pressures put on them. They behave in an unconventional manner, as their sociological role dissolves any need for refinement and they must act and think as men would if they are to survive. Illustrations of this assertion abound. On an emotional level, women are portrayed as being very aggressive, both sexually and physically. One example of this can be found in Tom Maddox's "Snake Eyes": Lizzie and George are described as "rubbing up against one another....twinned, as if there were cables running between the two of them," and even describes their initial introduction, where Lizzie gives him a very passionate kiss immediately following their introduction (Mirrorshades, page 18). The passage also recounts in great detail the sexual encounter which occurs just minutes after their first encounter (page 19). On a physical level, the description of women in this genre seems to lack femininity as well. Another example from the same story is the initial sketch of Lizzie, "Her blond hair was cut almost to the skull (page 18)". This (superficial) absence of femininity is traditional in cyberpunk works. She is also described as having numerous tattoos, one on her left shoulder and curving down between her breasts, where it ended in a single blood-tear (page 18). Dark Images of Cyberpunk :: Literary Movement Technology Essays Papers Dark Images of Cyberpunk Works Cited Missing With the publication of seminal works such as Mary Shelly's Frankenstein, science fiction has always contained an appeal to the underground culture. Her Gothic visions of human behavior became the inspiration for works such as Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451 and Isaac Asimov's I, Robot series. Though the beginning emphasized utopian societies, science fiction progressed to include a future quite different from the present. Visions of flying ships, lasers, and travels to far off space colonies inundated these works. However, one subset of authors, such as William Gibson, Bruce Sterling, and Lewis Shiner, molded an entirely different genre of science fiction, placing more emphasis on the darker future of life on Earth. This work, later labeled "cyberpunk," brought with it a very bleak view of future societies and culture. The features of their style of writing, which include the masculinization of women, the perversion of technology, the oppressive descriptions of settings and life, and the negative characterizations of people, defined the notion of cyberpunk. Women have a certain status in cyberpunk, one that is very contrary to the current sociological expectations of them. Women in these societies have had to adapt to the environmental pressures put on them. They behave in an unconventional manner, as their sociological role dissolves any need for refinement and they must act and think as men would if they are to survive. Illustrations of this assertion abound. On an emotional level, women are portrayed as being very aggressive, both sexually and physically. One example of this can be found in Tom Maddox's "Snake Eyes": Lizzie and George are described as "rubbing up against one another....twinned, as if there were cables running between the two of them," and even describes their initial introduction, where Lizzie gives him a very passionate kiss immediately following their introduction (Mirrorshades, page 18). The passage also recounts in great detail the sexual encounter which occurs just minutes after their first encounter (page 19). On a physical level, the description of women in this genre seems to lack femininity as well. Another example from the same story is the initial sketch of Lizzie, "Her blond hair was cut almost to the skull (page 18)". This (superficial) absence of femininity is traditional in cyberpunk works. She is also described as having numerous tattoos, one on her left shoulder and curving down between her breasts, where it ended in a single blood-tear (page 18).